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Related Experiment Videos

Cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor.

Erika Svangård1, Ulf Göransson, Zozan Hocaoglu

  • 1Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.

Journal of Natural Products
|February 28, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified three potent cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor, including the novel vitri A. These small lipophilic proteins show promise in cancer research, with vitri A exhibiting significant activity against lymphoma and myeloma cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biochemistry
  • Molecular biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Viola tricolor is a plant source of bioactive compounds.
  • Small lipophilic proteins, including cyclotides, are known for diverse biological activities.
  • Cancer research seeks novel therapeutic agents from natural sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize cytotoxic small lipophilic proteins from Viola tricolor.
  • To determine the chemical sequences and structures of these compounds.
  • To evaluate their potential as anticancer agents against human cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Fractionation of Viola tricolor extract guided by bioactivity.
  • Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for isolation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fluorometric cytotoxicity assay using U-937 GTB (lymphoma) and RPMI-8226/s (myeloma) cell lines.
  • Automated Edman degradation, amino acid analysis, and mass spectrometry for sequence determination.

    • Main Results:

    • Three potent cytotoxic cyclotides were isolated: vitri A, varv A, and varv E.
    • Vitri A demonstrated significant cytotoxicity with IC(50) values of 0.6 microM (lymphoma) and 1 microM (myeloma).
    • Varv A and varv E also exhibited potent cytotoxic effects.
    • The sequences revealed a cyclic backbone with six cysteine residues forming three disulfide bonds, characteristic of cyclotides.
    • Vitri A is a newly identified cyclotide.

    Conclusions:

    • Viola tricolor is a source of cytotoxic cyclotides, including the novel vitri A.
    • These cyclotides possess potent anticancer activity against human lymphoma and myeloma cell lines.
    • The structural characterization confirms their classification as cyclotides.
    • Further investigation into vitri A and related cyclotides may yield novel cancer therapeutics.