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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards
Published on: February 25, 2017
Mathematical characterization of three-dimensional gene expression patterns
L da F Costa1, M S Barbosa, E T M Manoel
1Cybernetic Vision Research Group, GII-IFSC, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970, Brazil. luciano@if.sc.usp.br
Motivation:
The importance of a systematic methodology for the mathematical characterization of three-dimensional gene expression patterns in embryonic development.
Methods:
By combining lacunarity and multiscale fractal dimension analyses with computer-based methods of three-dimensional reconstruction, it becomes possible to extract new information from in situ hybridization studies. Lacunarity and fractality are appropriate measures for the cloud-like gene activation signals in embryonic tissues. The newly introduced multiscale method provides a natural extension of the fractal dimension concept, being capable of characterizing the fractality of geometrical patterns in terms of spatial scale. This tool can be systematically applied to three-dimensional patterns of gene expression.
Results:
Applications are illustrated using the three-dimensional expression patterns of the myogenic marker gene Myf5 in a series of differentiating somites of a mouse embryo.
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