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Rheumatoid arthritis.

R H Shmerling1

  • 1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)
|February 28, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints. Early diagnosis and treatment, including therapies like DMARDs and biologics, are crucial for managing symptoms and preventing joint damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic inflammatory disease of unknown cause.
  • It characteristically presents as chronic symmetric polyarthritis, primarily affecting small distal joints.
  • Current understanding suggests a role for T-cell dysregulation, cytokines, and signaling membrane proteins in RA pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • To discuss diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for RA.
  • To highlight emerging treatments and their potential impact on RA outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, identifying objective synovitis in a "rheumatoid distribution" for over six weeks.

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  • Differential diagnosis should consider conditions that mimic RA.
  • Treatment strategies encompass nonpharmacologic (physical/occupational therapy) and pharmacologic approaches (analgesics, anti-inflammatories, DMARDs, biologics).

    • Main Results:

    • RA diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by specific findings like synovitis.
    • A range of treatments exist, from conservative therapies to advanced biologics.
    • Newer treatments targeting cytokines and combination therapies show promise for improved RA management.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective RA management requires a multi-faceted approach focusing on function, pain relief, and joint preservation.
    • The prognosis for RA is variable and difficult to predict early in the disease course.
    • Advancements in biologic therapies and combination treatments offer significant potential for enhancing patient outcomes in RA.