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Olfactory cleft disease: an analysis of 13 cases.

Bernard Biacabe1, Patrick Faulcon, Laurent Amanou

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Biocicaut Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Necker Enfants-Malades, University Paris V, Paris France. bernard.biacabe@wanadoo.fr

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|March 3, 2004
PubMed
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Olfactory cleft disease, characterized by smell impairment and olfactory cleft abnormalities, involves diverse pathologies. Medical therapy improved smell in 25% of patients, but further research is needed for surgical indications.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Rhinology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Olfactory cleft disease is defined by olfactory disability and abnormalities within the olfactory cleft.
  • Pathologic processes can be malformative, inflammatory, or a combination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical and radiologic findings of olfactory cleft disease.
  • To evaluate the impact of medical therapy on olfactory function.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 13 patients meeting olfactory cleft disease criteria.
  • Utilized ENT examination, endoscopic evaluation, and computed tomography (CT) scans.
  • Olfactory threshold tests were performed before and after medical treatment.

Main Results:

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  • Olfactory disability was the primary symptom; 75% had chronic rhinosinus dysfunction.
  • Identified malformative and inflammatory processes, including those with anatomical deformities.
  • Medical therapy (oral and topical steroids) improved olfactory thresholds in 25% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory cleft disease encompasses varied pathophysiologic mechanisms.
  • CT scanning is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Surgical indications require further definition post-medical therapy failure.