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Updated: Aug 26, 2026

Novel Methods for Intranasal Administration Under Inhalation Anesthesia to Evaluate Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery
Published on: November 14, 2018
[Studies on formulations of Panax notoginsenosides for intranasal administration]
Qing-fang Xu1, Xiao-ling Fang, Dao-feng Chen
1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Aim:
To develop high bioavailability preparations without irritation for Panax notoginsenosides.
Methods:
The effects of some additives such as microcrystalline cellulose, beta-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl cellulose on drug in the preparations were examined.
Results:
Saponins of Panax notoginseng (PNS) was absorbed in rabbits more when administered intranasally than through other routines, and the formulations including MCC both gave high bioavailability and low irritation.
Conclusion:
Bioavailability of Panax notoginsenosides can be increased through changing routine of administration and formulations.

