Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Retina01:32

The Retina

The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perceptual resolution of ambiguity: A divisive normalization account for both interocular color grouping and difference enhancement.

Journal of vision·2026
Same author

Perceptual Resolution of Ambiguity: Can Tuned, Divisive Normalization Account for both Interocular Similarity Grouping and Difference Enhancement.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Ambiguity is a linking feature for interocular grouping.

Journal of vision·2022
Same author

Ambiguous chromatic neural representations: Perceptual resolution by grouping.

Current opinion in behavioral sciences·2022
Same author

Binocularly-driven competing neural responses and the perceptual resolution of color.

Journal of vision·2021
Same author

The Certainty of Ambiguity in Visual Neural Representations.

Annual review of vision science·2021
Same journal

Computational and mathematical models in vision: Quantitative approaches to understanding visual perception.

Vision research·2026
Same journal

Complex interactions between lightness, chroma, and hue in color ensemble perception.

Vision research·2026
Same journal

Driving with autism spectrum disorder: Exploring the impact of tactile hazard warnings on gaze behavior and hazard responses.

Vision research·2026
Same journal

Early visual processing in adults with ADHD: evidence from contrast sensitivity, spatial integration, and external noise.

Vision research·2026
Same journal

Pupil reflexes generate the peripheral drift illusion due to ON/OFF motion responses.

Vision research·2026
Same journal

Perceived direction of glass patterns can flip by 90°: A neural model.

Vision research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors
14:35

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

Published on: January 6, 2010

Chromatic induction from S-cone patterns.

Patrick Monnier1, Steven K Shevell

  • 1Departments of Psychology and Ophthalmology & Visual Science, University of Chicago, 940 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Vision Research
|March 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patterned backgrounds cause greater color shifts than uniform ones. This effect, explained by S-cone spatial antagonism, demonstrates how background patterns influence color perception.

More Related Videos

Imaging Ca2+ Dynamics in Cone Photoreceptor Axon Terminals of the Mouse Retina
09:05

Imaging Ca2+ Dynamics in Cone Photoreceptor Axon Terminals of the Mouse Retina

Published on: May 6, 2015

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors
14:35

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

Published on: January 6, 2010

Imaging Ca2+ Dynamics in Cone Photoreceptor Axon Terminals of the Mouse Retina
09:05

Imaging Ca2+ Dynamics in Cone Photoreceptor Axon Terminals of the Mouse Retina

Published on: May 6, 2015

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Vision science
  • Color perception
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Chromatic induction, the phenomenon where a color's appearance is influenced by surrounding colors, is crucial for understanding visual perception.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on uniform backgrounds, leaving the effects of patterned backgrounds less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how patterned backgrounds influence color appearance compared to uniform backgrounds.
  • To explore the spatial and chromatic contributions of background patterns to color induction.
  • To determine the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Comparing color appearance under patterned and uniform backgrounds with specific chromaticities targeting S-cones.
  • Ensuring all backgrounds were equivalent in L-cone and M-cone stimulation to isolate S-cone effects.
  • Analyzing color shifts, including assimilation and simultaneous contrast, based on the spatial arrangement of inducing light.

Main Results:

  • Patterned backgrounds induced larger shifts in color appearance than uniform backgrounds.
  • Inducing light in different spatial regions produced opposing effects: assimilation (near) and simultaneous contrast (distant).
  • These observed shifts were successfully modeled using a neural receptive field with S-cone spatial antagonism.

Conclusions:

  • The spatial configuration of background patterns significantly impacts color perception.
  • A neural model incorporating S-cone spatial antagonism can explain the complex chromatic induction effects observed.
  • This study highlights the importance of considering both spatial and chromatic factors in visual processing.