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Quantum version of free-energy--irreversible-work relations
Wojciech De Roeck1, Christian Maes
1Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Summary
We present a quantum Jarzynski relation linking work distribution to free energy differences. This quantum framework unifies various physical regimes, highlighting the role of heat and time-reversal in its universal validity.
Area of Science:
- Quantum thermodynamics
- Statistical mechanics
Background:
- The Jarzynski relation connects non-equilibrium work to equilibrium free energy differences.
- Understanding quantum work distribution is crucial for quantum thermodynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a quantum mechanical version of the Jarzynski relation.
- To unify different physical regimes under a single theoretical framework.
Main Methods:
- Defining quantum work based on system history.
- Establishing appropriate quantum ensembles for averaging.
- Analyzing various quantum and classical regimes.
Main Results:
- A quantum Jarzynski relation is derived.
- Work is identified as dependent on the quantum history of the system.
- A unified approach to different physical regimes is presented.
Conclusions:
- The quantum Jarzynski relation provides a universal link between work and free energy.
- The validity of the Jarzynski relation, in both quantum and classical systems, relies on the interplay of heat and time-reversal.