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Aortic valve calcification in hypertensive patients: prevalence, risk factors and association with transvalvular flow

Alexander Tenenbaum1, Enrique Z Fisman, Ehud Schwammenthal

  • 1Cardiac Rehabilitation Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. altenen@yahoo.com

International Journal of Cardiology
|March 5, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is common in hypertensive patients and linked to age. Advanced AVC, not trivial, is associated with increased aortic valve flow velocity, especially in women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Nonobstructive aortic valve calcification (AVC) plays a significant role in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Hypertension is a common condition where AVC prevalence and influencing factors require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and predictors of AVC extent in hypertensive patients.
  • To explore the association between AVC extent and aortic valve flow velocity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 263 hypertensive patients (mean age 65) using echo-Doppler.
  • Defined augmented flow velocity as peak velocity >130 mm/s.
  • Classified AVC into advanced, trivial, or no AVC groups.

Main Results:

  • Advanced AVC was present in 12% of patients; 46% had no AVC.
  • Peak flow velocity was significantly higher in advanced AVC patients (135 cm/s) compared to trivial (116 cm/s) and no AVC (113 cm/s) groups (p=0.0002).
  • Augmented flow velocity was more prevalent in advanced AVC (41.9%) and associated with female gender.

Conclusions:

  • AVC prevalence in hypertensive patients is high and age-dependent.
  • Advanced AVC, independent of leaflet restriction, is linked to increased aortic transvalvular peak flow velocity.
  • Female gender is also associated with augmented aortic flow velocity in this population.
Abstract

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