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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in brain polyamine levels following head injury.

E Shohami1, J L Nates, L Glantz

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

Experimental Neurology
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Closed head injury increases brain putrescine levels, particularly at the injury site. Inhibiting putrescine biosynthesis with DFMO did not affect edema but improved neurological outcomes in rats.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Trauma Research

Background:

  • Closed head injury (CHI) can lead to significant brain damage and edema.
  • Polyamines, such as putrescine, are implicated in cellular processes and may play a role in brain injury response.
  • Understanding polyamine metabolism after CHI is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the changes in brain polyamine levels following closed head injury in a rat model.
  • To determine the role of putrescine in post-traumatic edema formation.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting putrescine biosynthesis on neurological outcomes and blood-brain barrier function.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were subjected to closed head injury.

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  • Brain tissue samples were collected from injury site, contralateral, and remote areas at various time points (1 min to 48 h).
  • Polyamines (putrescine, spermine, spermidine) were quantified using thin-layer liquid chromatography of dansyl derivatives.
  • Alpha-difluoromethyl-ornithine (DFMO) was administered to inhibit ornithine decarboxylase and reduce putrescine synthesis.
  • Edema was assessed, and blood-brain barrier integrity was evaluated using Evans blue extravasation.
  • Neurological outcomes were assessed using clinical criteria.

    • Main Results:

    • Head injury significantly increased putrescine levels at 48 h post-injury, primarily at the site of injury and in the frontal lobe.
    • Spermine and spermidine levels showed only minor changes.
    • DFMO treatment abolished the increase in putrescine but did not significantly alter edema formation or blood-brain barrier integrity.
    • DFMO treatment demonstrated a beneficial effect on neurological outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Putrescine levels are elevated in specific brain regions following closed head injury.
    • Inhibition of putrescine biosynthesis via DFMO does not mitigate edema or blood-brain barrier disruption but improves neurological recovery.
    • These findings suggest that while putrescine may be a marker of injury, targeting its synthesis might offer therapeutic benefits for neurological deficits after CHI.