Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genomically integrated orthogonal translation system in Escherichia coli enables production of functional modified [NiFe]-hydrogenases.

Microbial cell factories·2026
Same author

No Impact of Low-Dose Nivolumab Addition to JNJ-73763989 on Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Declines in Chronic Hepatitis B: The OCTOPUS-1 Study.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same author

Rapid <i>in situ</i> encapsulation of [NiFe]-hydrogenase into covalent organic frameworks for robust hydrogen oxidation and evolution.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Regulation of a catabolic enzyme whose substrate is always available.

mSystems·2026
Same author

siRNA JNJ-73763989 decreases HBsAg and HDV RNA in NA-treated hepatitis D patients but may cause ALT flares.

Journal of hepatology·2026
Same author

<i>In vivo</i> 2D-IR spectroscopy of [NiFe] hydrogenases: a shielding role of the protein matrix.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection
10:15

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Published on: November 10, 2021

Sequential therapies for proliferative lupus nephritis.

Gabriel Contreras1, Victoriano Pardo, Baudouin Leclercq

  • 1Dialysis Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Miami, Miami, USA. gcontrer@med.miami.edu.

The New England Journal of Medicine
|March 5, 2004
PubMed
Summary

For proliferative lupus nephritis, switching from long-term cyclophosphamide to mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine maintenance therapy improves renal survival and reduces toxicity. This offers a safer and more effective treatment approach for lupus nephritis patients.

More Related Videos

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy
06:31

Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy

Published on: December 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection
10:15

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection

Published on: November 10, 2021

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy
06:31

Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy

Published on: December 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) requires effective treatment to preserve renal function.
  • Long-term cyclophosphamide therapy improves renal survival but carries significant toxicity.
  • Balancing efficacy and safety is crucial in managing LN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the long-term efficacy and safety of different maintenance therapies for proliferative lupus nephritis following induction with cyclophosphamide.
  • To evaluate event-free survival, relapse rates, and adverse events associated with cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and mycophenolate mofetil maintenance.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-nine patients with proliferative lupus nephritis received intravenous cyclophosphamide and corticosteroid induction.
  • Patients were randomized to maintenance therapy with quarterly cyclophosphamide, oral azathioprine, or oral mycophenolate mofetil for 1-3 years.
  • Baseline characteristics were similar across groups, with a lower chronicity index in the mycophenolate mofetil group.

Main Results:

  • The 72-month event-free survival rate for death or chronic renal failure was significantly higher in the mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine groups compared to the cyclophosphamide group.
  • Relapse-free survival was higher in the mycophenolate mofetil group versus the cyclophosphamide group.
  • Incidence of hospitalization, amenorrhea, infections, nausea, and vomiting was significantly lower with mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term intravenous cyclophosphamide induction followed by mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine maintenance is more efficacious and safer than long-term cyclophosphamide therapy for proliferative lupus nephritis.
  • Mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine represent favorable alternatives for maintenance therapy in lupus nephritis.
  • These findings support a shift towards less toxic maintenance regimens in managing proliferative lupus nephritis.