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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Generation of Transgenic C. elegans by Biolistic Transformation
Published on: August 24, 2010
Superfamilies of evolved and designed networks
Ron Milo1, Shalev Itzkovitz, Nadav Kashtan
1Departments of Molecular Cell Biology, Physics of Complex Systems, and Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Abstract:
Complex biological, technological, and sociological networks can be of very different sizes and connectivities, making it difficult to compare their structures. Here we present an approach to systematically study similarity in the local structure of networks, based on the significance profile (SP) of small subgraphs in the network compared to randomized networks. We find several superfamilies of previously unrelated networks with very similar SPs. One superfamily, including transcription networks of microorganisms, represents "rate-limited" information-processing networks strongly constrained by the response time of their components. A distinct superfamily includes protein signaling, developmental genetic networks, and neuronal wiring. Additional superfamilies include power grids, protein-structure networks and geometric networks, World Wide Web links and social networks, and word-adjacency networks from different languages.
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