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Related Experiment Videos

Portfolios for determining initial licensure competency.

David W Chambers1

  • 1School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, Calif. 94115, USA. dchambers@pacific.edu

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|March 10, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Initial licensure exams lack measurement theory, yielding low reliability (r = .40) and questionable validity. Portfolios offer a psychometrically sound alternative for ensuring competent practitioners.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometric evaluation of professional licensure examinations.
  • Measurement theory in high-stakes testing.
  • Standards for professional competency assessment.

Background:

  • Current licensure examinations often lack a foundation in measurement theory.
  • Previous attempts at improvement have resulted in inadequate remedies and polarization.
  • Dental licensure literature frequently uses psychometric terms without applying core concepts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of current initial licensure examinations.
  • To identify alternative methods for achieving psychometric standards in licensure.
  • To inform best practices for professional licensure boards.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the psychometric literature, with a focus on high-stakes professional decisions.

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  • Analysis of existing literature and position papers within the dental field.
  • Evaluation of the reliability and validity of 'one-shot' examination formats.

    • Main Results:

    • The reliability of one-shot initial licensure examinations is approximately r = .40, falling below professional standards.
    • Validity of current examinations is inadequately investigated and likely reduced by proposed changes (e.g., removing live patients).
    • Portfolio-based assessments in realistic domains present a viable method for meeting psychometric standards.

    Conclusions:

    • Licensure boards must prioritize valid and reliable decision-making over examination administration.
    • Defining practitioner competencies and psychometric criteria is essential but currently lacking.
    • Data collection for licensure should be delegated to qualified entities adhering to established standards.