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Migratory ecology of the black cutworm.

W B Showers1

  • 1Department of Entomology, Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.

Annual Review of Entomology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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The black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) exhibits long-range migration, potentially triggered by a specific thermal range for its pupal stage. This explains its seasonal appearance across vast geographic areas.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Insect Ecology
  • Zoogeography

Background:

  • Insect migration is a widespread phenomenon.
  • Agrotis ipsilon, the black cutworm, is a significant agricultural pest.
  • Understanding its migratory patterns is crucial for pest management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the migratory ecology of Agrotis ipsilon.
  • To review the species' zoogeography, pest status, and seasonal occurrence.
  • To propose a theory explaining long-range moth migration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Agrotis ipsilon.
  • Analysis of circumstantial evidence for long-range moth movement.
  • Examination of experimental data on moth movement in China and North America.

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Main Results:

  • Circumstantial and experimental evidence supports long-range migration of Agrotis ipsilon moths.
  • A theory is proposed linking pupal thermal range (0-36°C) to adult migration.
  • This theory helps explain the species' annual geographic fluctuations.

Conclusions:

  • Agrotis ipsilon undertakes extensive long-range migrations.
  • Pupal development within a specific temperature range is a likely trigger for adult migration.
  • This research provides a framework for understanding the seasonal dynamics of this pest.