Adenomyosis in a patient with mosaic Turner's syndrome

Few case reports describing endometriosis in patients with gonadal dysgenesis have been published, but none has reported the presence of adenomyosis in a patient with Turner's syndrome.

A 31-year-old woman with mosaic Turner's Syndrome (45,X/46,XX/47,XXX) was referred to us because of severe iron deficiency anaemia due to hypermenorrhea and persistent lower abdominal pain for more than six months. She presented normal secondary sex development, normal breast, normal pubic and axillary hair. The external genitalia were also normal. Laboratory examination showed normal gonadotropin, 17beta-estradiol, plasma androgens and cortisol levels. At transabdominal ultrasound a myoma (15 x 8.5 x 8 cm) arising from the posterior uterine wall was suspected. The mass was removed during laparotomy. Histologic examination confirmed the presence of the myoma and revealed the presence of focal adenomyosis.

Adenomyosis and leiomyomata are separate entities but they share a common pathology in that they develop primarily in women of reproductive age and their growth is oestrogen dependent. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature of adenomyosis in a woman who had the Turner's syndrome.