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SARS: clinical features and diagnosis.

David Shu-Cheong Hui1, Poon-Chuen Wong, Chen Wang

  • 1Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. dschui@cuhk.edu.hk

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
|March 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a contagious illness with high fatality. Early suspicion relies on clinical, lab, and imaging findings, while RT-PCR offers rapid detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) presents significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Key clinical signs include fever, cough, and dyspnea, with atypical presentations in older adults.
  • Laboratory findings may involve lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated D-dimer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the clinical and laboratory features of SARS.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for SARS.
  • To highlight the utility of real-time RT-PCR for early detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and laboratory manifestations of SARS.
  • Analysis of diagnostic test performance, including viral shedding and serology.
  • Evaluation of real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV RNA detection.

Main Results:

  • SARS presents with diverse symptoms, including fever, cough, and respiratory distress.
  • Characteristic laboratory findings include lymphopenia and elevated D-dimer.
  • Real-time RT-PCR detects SARS-CoV RNA early in illness, with decreasing sensitivity over time.

Conclusions:

  • Early suspicion of SARS is crucial, based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings.
  • Diagnostic methods vary in timing and sensitivity, with RT-PCR offering early detection.
  • Prompt diagnosis aids in managing this highly infectious disease.

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