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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions01:20

Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions

The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect various areas...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

A database for regional gene expression in the human brain.

I M Siu1, A Lal, G J Riggins

  • 1Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3156, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Brain Research. Gene Expression Patterns
|March 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study mapped gene expression in normal brain regions using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). The findings provide a valuable database for understanding brain function and disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gene expression alterations are key in neurological diseases.
  • Genome-wide expression patterns in normal brain regions are understudied.
  • Understanding normal brain gene expression is crucial for disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize genome-wide gene expression in distinct normal brain regions.
  • To create a comprehensive database of normal brain gene expression profiles.
  • To identify region-specific genes in the healthy human brain.

Main Methods:

  • Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) was employed to quantify transcript levels.
  • Gene expression was assayed in white matter, thalamus, and cerebellum from normal brain tissue.

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
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  • Quantitative fluorescent real-time RT-PCR validated expression of specific genes.

    • Main Results:

    • Established comprehensive SAGE libraries for normal brain regions.
    • Identified and confirmed expression of region-specific genes (e.g., neurogenic differentiation 1, CART, neurogranin).
    • Generated a database of brain-specific genes for further analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed database offers insights into region-specific gene functions in the normal brain.
    • Normal brain gene expression data serves as a vital reference for pathological studies.
    • This resource aids in developing therapeutic strategies by understanding baseline gene expression.