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Related Experiment Videos

Penetration enhancers.

Adrian C Williams1, Brian W Barry

  • 1Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK. A.C.Williams@bradford.ac.uk

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|March 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Penetration enhancers reversibly reduce skin

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Dermatology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Transdermal drug delivery aims to enhance drug permeation across the skin barrier.
  • Penetration enhancers are compounds that reversibly decrease skin's barrier resistance.
  • Numerous chemical classes, including sulphoxides, Azones, pyrrolidones, alcohols, glycols, surfactants, and terpenes, have been investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action of skin penetration enhancers.
  • To explore various compounds evaluated for their penetration-enhancing capabilities.
  • To discuss potential sites and modes of action for these enhancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on skin penetration enhancers.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms of action.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Categorization of different classes of penetration enhancers.

    • Main Results:

    • Penetration enhancers can act by disrupting the intercellular lipid matrix.
    • Mechanisms include altering intracellular keratin, enhancing drug partitioning, and affecting corneocyte connections.
    • Other proposed actions involve modulating skin's metabolic activity and drug solubility in the vehicle.

    Conclusions:

    • Skin penetration enhancers offer a versatile approach to improve transdermal drug delivery.
    • Multiple mechanisms of action are proposed, targeting different aspects of the skin barrier.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for optimizing enhancer selection and formulation design.