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Creating SunSmart schools.

B Giles-Corti1, D R English, C Costa

  • 1School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009. billie@cyllene.uwa.edu.au

Health Education Research
|March 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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The Kidskin study found that school-based sun protection programs improved children's hat-wearing habits. However, the intervention did not significantly reduce overall sun exposure or increase shade usage among primary school students.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sun Safety
  • School Health Interventions
  • Public Health Research

Background:

  • Childhood sun exposure is a significant risk factor for skin cancer.
  • Effective school-based interventions are needed to promote sun safety behaviors in children.
  • Previous studies have shown mixed results regarding the impact of school policies on sun protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Kidskin sun protection intervention program in primary school children.
  • To assess the impact of curricular and environmental interventions on children's hat wearing and sun exposure.
  • To determine the efficacy of a mail-only strategy for disseminating policy guidelines to schools.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 1776 primary school children in Perth, Western Australia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Intervention groups received curricular and environmental strategies, including 'No hat, no play' policies.
  • Observational methods (polysulfone film badges, video-taping) measured sun exposure and hat use in 1995 and 1998.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant increase in hat wearing was observed in high intervention schools, with nearly all children wearing hats in some schools by 1998.
    • No significant improvements in hat wearing were noted in moderate or control groups.
    • Small, non-significant differences in lunchtime sun exposure were found across all groups; shade use did not improve.

    Conclusions:

    • The Kidskin program effectively increased children's hat wearing in school playgrounds.
    • Environmental interventions alone, particularly mail-only dissemination, were insufficient to significantly reduce children's overall sun exposure or increase shade utilization.
    • Future school-based sun protection strategies may benefit from focusing on 'champions' to drive behavioral change.