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Updated: Aug 25, 2026

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes
Published on: April 1, 2013
Normal coordinate analyses of 3,5-dichlorophenylcyanamide
Hassan M Badawi1, Wolfgang Förner
1Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. hbadawi@kfupm.edu.sa
Abstract:
The structure of 3,5-dichlorophenylcyanamide c-C6H3Cl2-NHCN was investigated by DFT-B3LYP and ab initio MP2 calculations with the 6-311+G** basis set. The planar to perpendicular rotational barrier was calculated to be of about 5 kcal mol(-1) at both levels of calculation. The stability of the planar structure of the molecule was explained on the basis of conjugation effects between the cyanamide-NHCN moiety and the phenyl c-C6H5 ring in agreement with earlier NMR results. The CNC and the HNC bond angles were calculated to be about 120 degrees especially by MP2 calculation, which is consistent with sp2 (planar -NH-CN group) and not sp3 (pyramidal -NH-CN group) structure. The vibrational frequencies of the d0, d1 and d3 species of 3,5-dichlorophenylcyanamide and the potential energy distributions among symmetry coordinates of the normal modes of the parent molecule were computed at the DFT-B3LYP level. The calculated infrared and Raman spectra of the molecule were plotted. Complete vibrational assignments were made on the basis of isotopic substitution and normal coordinate calculations.
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