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Related Experiment Videos

Spinal dysraphism: MR imaging rationale.

A Rossi1, A Cama, G Piatelli

  • 1Department of Pediatric Neuroradiology, G Gaslini Children's Research Hospital, Genoa, Italy. andrearossi@ospedale-gaslini.ge.it

Journal of Neuroradiology = Journal De Neuroradiologie
|March 18, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Spinal cord malformations, known as spinal dysraphisms, arise from embryonic development errors. These conditions are classified as open or closed, with imaging guiding diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Embryology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Spinal cord development involves gastrulation, primary neurulation, and secondary neurulation.
  • Defects during these embryonic stages lead to spinal dysraphisms, a group of congenital malformations.
  • Spinal dysraphisms are clinically categorized as open (exposed neural tissue) or closed (skin-covered).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of spinal cord development and malformations.
  • To classify spinal dysraphisms based on embryonic origins and clinical presentation.
  • To highlight the role of imaging in diagnosing these complex disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of embryological development stages of the spinal cord.
  • Clinical classification of spinal dysraphisms into open and closed categories.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of subtypes based on presence of subcutaneous mass and notochordal development.
  • Emphasis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as the preferred diagnostic tool.

    • Main Results:

    • Spinal dysraphisms result from disruptions in gastrulation, primary neurulation, or secondary neurulation.
    • Open spinal dysraphisms include myelomeningocele and are associated with Chiari II malformation.
    • Closed spinal dysraphisms are subdivided into those with (e.g., lipomyelocele) and without (e.g., tight filum terminale) a mass, and complex types involving notochordal defects.
    • MRI is crucial for evaluating the spectrum of spinal dysraphic disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding embryonic development is key to comprehending spinal dysraphisms.
    • Accurate classification aids in diagnosis and management of spinal cord malformations.
    • Magnetic resonance imaging is essential for the comprehensive evaluation of spinal dysraphisms.