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Related Experiment Videos

Histoplasmosis masquerading as tuberculosis: a case report.

Nagesh S Babu1, Pankaj Malhotra, B D Radotra

  • 1Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|March 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Histoplasmosis is a rare fungal infection in India. A patient presenting with leucopenia and hepatosplenomegaly, initially treated for tuberculosis, was diagnosed with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis post-mortem.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
  • It is infrequently reported in India, making its clinical presentation less recognized.
  • Disseminated tuberculosis is a common differential diagnosis in endemic regions.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with persistent leucopenia (low white blood cell count) and hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen).
  • The initial clinical suspicion and treatment were directed towards disseminated tuberculosis.
  • Autopsy revealed findings consistent with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis.

Findings:

  • The autopsy confirmed progressive disseminated histoplasmosis as the underlying diagnosis.

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  • The case highlights a diagnostic challenge where histoplasmosis mimicked tuberculosis.
  • Persistent leucopenia and hepatosplenomegaly were key clinical indicators.
  • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering histoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of similar presentations in India.
    • Improved diagnostic awareness can lead to earlier and more appropriate treatment of histoplasmosis.
    • Further epidemiological studies are needed to understand the true prevalence of histoplasmosis in India.