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Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
Published on: July 17, 2016
Acute and chronic renal failure
Jonathan Costa1, Robert S Crausman, Marc S Weinberg
1Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island and Brown Medical School, Pawtucket, RI 02860, USA.
Abstract:
Renal failure is defined as a deterioration of kidney function that results in the retention of nitrogenous waste products. It is increasingly prevalent in older populations, individuals with diabetes or hypertension, and postoperative patients. Therefore, podiatric physicians caring for these populations can expect to encounter this condition frequently. This article describes the epidemiology, causes, complications, and appropriate evaluation of renal failure relevant to a practicing podiatric physician. Also highlighted are treatment considerations, renal dosing of medications, and prevention of contrast nephropathy.
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Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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