Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2026
09:33
Quantitative 3D In Silico Modeling (q3DISM) of Cerebral Amyloid-beta Phagocytosis in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: December 26, 2016
Androgens, apoE, and Alzheimer's disease
1Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. raberj@ohsu.edu
Science of Aging Knowledge Environment : SAGE KE
|March 19, 2004
Summary
Declining sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may increase Alzheimer
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Genetics
Background:
- Sex hormone levels (estrogen, androgen) decline with age.
- Hormonal changes are potential risk factors for cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
- Sex steroid treatments show cognitive benefits in aging populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms of apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoform effects on brain function.
- To highlight apoE's potential detrimental effects on androgen and androgen receptor (AR) pathways.
- To discuss androgen interactions with other AD-related factors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of proposed mechanisms.
- Analysis of apoE isoform functions in the brain.
- Examination of androgen and AR pathway interactions.
Main Results:
- Apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms (E2, E3, E4) differentially impact AD risk and pathology.
- Specific apoE isoforms may negatively affect androgen-mediated pathways.
- Androgen interactions with other AD factors are complex.
Conclusions:
- Age-related hormonal decline and apoE isoforms are critical factors in AD.
- Understanding apoE-androgen interactions may reveal new therapeutic targets for AD.
- Further research into sex steroids and apoE in AD is warranted.
More Related Videos
09:38Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: November 14, 2017
04:22Biomarker Identification for Gender Specificity of Alzheimer's Disease Based on the Glial Transcriptome Profiles
Published on: May 20, 2024
Related Concept Videos
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
01:11Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
01:29Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
01:23Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
01:22Dementia l: Introduction
Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...