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Related Experiment Videos

[The serine proteases and their function in neuronal death processes].

O Fuster Lluch1, M F Galindo, V Ceña

  • 1Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España.

Revista De Neurologia
|March 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Serine proteases, including granzymes and thrombin, are key in nervous system degeneration. Imbalances in protease inhibitors contribute to neuronal damage from ischemia and excitotoxins.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology

Context:

  • Serine proteases are crucial enzymes in cellular functions and responses to harm.
  • This review focuses on serine proteases, including granzymes and thrombin (TR), in nervous system degenerative processes.
  • Granzymes A and B, and TR proteases are implicated in neuronal cell death pathways.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the role of serine proteases in the nervous system.
  • To highlight the involvement of serine proteases in degenerative processes.
  • To discuss the regulation of serine protease activity by endogenous inhibitors.

Summary:

  • Granzymes A and B, originating from T lymphocytes, enter target cells and induce neurite retraction (Granzyme A) or cleave substrates like PARP (Granzyme B).

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  • Thrombin (TR) proteases act as extracellular death signals in damaged tissues, initiating calcium-mediated intracellular responses.
  • Serine protease activity is modulated by inhibitors such as plasminogen activator inhibitor, protease nexin 1, and neuroserpin.

    • Impact:

    • Dysregulation of serine proteases and their inhibitors is critical in neuronal plasticity and death.
    • Imbalances are implicated in brain ischemia and excitotoxicity-induced neuronal damage.
    • Understanding these pathways is vital for neurodegenerative disease research.