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Triggering of T-cell apoptosis by toxin-related ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase ART2
Felix Scheuplein1, Sahahil Adriouch, Gustavo Glowacki
1Institute of Immunology, University Hospital, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Abstract:
Cytotoxicity induced by protein ADP-ribosylation is a common theme of certain bacterial toxins and of the mammalian ectoenzyme ART2. Exposure of T cells to NAD, the substrate for ART2-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation, induces exposure of phosphatidylserine, uptake of propidium iodide, and fragmentation of DNA. ART2-specific antibodies raised by gene gun immunization block NAD-induced apoptosis. ART2 catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of cell membrane proteins induces formation of cytolytic membrane pores by activating the P2X7 purinoceptor. This alternative pathway to T cell apoptosis could be triggered upon the release of NAD from intracellular stores, for example, during inflammatory tissue damage.
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