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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
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Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

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Human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.

Clare Baecher-Allan1, Vissia Viglietta, David A Hafler

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA. callan@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Seminars in Immunology
|March 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (T-reg) share similarities with mouse counterparts. Variability in human T-reg research may stem from isolation techniques and in vitro culture conditions, impacting observed functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (T-reg) are crucial for immune homeostasis.
  • Human T-reg cells, isolated from various tissues, exhibit similarities to their mouse counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the identification and functional mechanisms of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.
  • To explore reasons for variability in human T-reg research findings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on human CD4+CD25+ T-reg cells.
  • Analysis of factors influencing T-reg cell isolation and in vitro functional assays.

Main Results:

  • Human and mouse T-reg cells share key characteristics.
  • Discrepancies in human T-reg research may be attributed to diverse isolation methods and culture conditions.
  • T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation strength significantly impacts T-reg cell function and T-resp cell susceptibility to suppression.

Conclusions:

  • Standardization of isolation and culture techniques is essential for consistent human T-reg research.
  • Understanding the influence of experimental conditions is critical for characterizing human T-reg cell function and mechanisms.