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Related Experiment Videos

Dextromethorphan. An overview of safety issues.

J L Bem1, R Peck

  • 1Pharma Division, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.

Drug Safety
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Dextromethorphan, a widely used cough suppressant, has a reassuring safety profile with infrequent, mild adverse drug reactions. Abuse and coadministration with MAOIs are key safety concerns.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Toxicology

Background:

  • Dextromethorphan is a long-standing, effective nonopioid antitussive.
  • Extensive clinical use provides a substantial data set for safety evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze adverse drug events associated with dextromethorphan.
  • To establish a comprehensive safety profile for dextromethorphan use.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of published case records and spontaneous adverse event reports.
  • Evaluation of a database of physician and pharmacist-reported events.

Main Results:

  • Adverse drug reactions are infrequent and generally not severe.
  • Dose-related neurological, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal symptoms are predominant.
  • Significant safety concerns include coadministration with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and drug abuse.

Conclusions:

  • Dextromethorphan exhibits a reassuring safety profile, especially in overdose cases for adults and children.
  • Pharmacokinetic polymorphism does not appear to correlate with clinical safety risks in short-term treatment.
  • Abuse represents a significant identified hazard.

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