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Updated: Aug 25, 2026
Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
Published on: June 11, 2015
Approaches to identify, clone, and express symbiont bioactive metabolite genes
Mark Hildebrand1, Laura E Waggoner, Grace E Lim
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Marine Biology Research Division; Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine; and UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Abstract:
This review discusses approaches to identify, clone, and express bioactive metabolite genes from symbionts of marine invertebrates. Criteria for proving symbiotic origin of bioactive metabolites are presented, followed by a comprehensive, practically-oriented overview of techniques to be applied. The Bugula neritina/Endobugula sertula association is used as a primary example, but other symbioses are discussed. Thirty-six compounds are presented and 111 references are cited.
