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Updated: Aug 25, 2026
Characterization of Human Monocyte Subsets by Whole Blood Flow Cytometry Analysis
Published on: October 17, 2018
The effect of local anesthetics on monocyte mCD14 and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression
Takashi Kawasaki1, Chika Kawasaki, Masanori Ogata
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Unlabelled:
It has been demonstrated that local anesthetics have several effects on the immune system. Monocytes and macrophages are essential components of the host response to microbial infection; however, the effect of local anesthetics on monocyte surface receptor expression remains unclear. We designed this study to investigate the effects of local anesthetics on monocyte mCD14 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production. Blood samples were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers. The effects of local anesthetics on LPS- or SEB-induced TNF-alpha production were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After different doses of local anesthetics were added, the blood was stimulated with LPS (10 ng/mL) or SEB (10 micro g/mL) for 4 h. The effects of local anesthetics on monocyte mCD14 and HLA-DR expression were measured by dual monoclonal antibody staining and flow cytometry. Local anesthetics showed no effect on LPS- or SEB-induced TNF-alpha production in human whole blood. Local anesthetics suppressed monocyte HLA-DR expression in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) but had no effect on monocyte mCD14 expression. This study demonstrated that local anesthetics suppress HLA-DR expression on the surface of human monocytes.
Implications:
Monocyte surface receptors have a crucial role in the host response to microbial infection. We investigated the effects of local anesthetics on monocyte mCD14 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression. Our results show that local anesthetics suppress HLA-DR expression on the surface of human monocytes.
Insights
Local anesthetics impact immune cells, suppressing human monocyte human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression without affecting mCD14. This finding is crucial for understanding host response to infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Monocytes and macrophages are vital for host defense against microbial infections.
- The precise impact of local anesthetics on monocyte surface receptor expression is not fully understood.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for evaluating the immunomodulatory properties of local anesthetics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of local anesthetics on monocyte surface receptors, specifically mCD14 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR.
- To determine the influence of local anesthetics on the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).
Main Methods:
- Blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers were analyzed.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure TNF-alpha production after LPS or SEB stimulation in the presence of varying local anesthetic concentrations.
- Dual monoclonal antibody staining and flow cytometry were employed to assess monocyte mCD14 and HLA-DR expression.
Main Results:
- Local anesthetics did not alter LPS- or SEB-induced TNF-alpha production in human whole blood.
- A dose-dependent suppression of monocyte HLA-DR expression was observed with local anesthetic administration (P < 0.05).
- No significant effect of local anesthetics on monocyte mCD14 expression was found.
Conclusions:
- Local anesthetics significantly suppress the expression of HLA-DR on the surface of human monocytes.
- This suppression of HLA-DR, a key monocyte surface receptor, may have implications for the host's immune response to microbial infections.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of these immunomodulatory effects.
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