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[Prostate cancer and prostate specific antigen screening].

M Camici1

  • 1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy. mcamici@tiscalinet.it

Minerva Medica
|March 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer is controversial. This review examines current arguments, clinical practices, and new methods like PSA isoforms to improve test accuracy and reduce unnecessary biopsies.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing is a widespread but controversial method for prostate cancer screening.
  • The efficacy of routine PSA screening remains unproven, leading to ongoing debate in clinical practice.
  • Current screening methods often result in false positives and negatives, necessitating further invasive investigations like prostate biopsies.

Purpose:

  • To discuss the arguments for and against PSA screening for prostate cancer.
  • To evaluate current clinical practices for utilizing PSA testing while awaiting definitive trial results.
  • To analyze novel methods and molecular forms, such as PSA isoforms, aimed at enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of PSA tests.

Summary:

  • This review critically examines the controversial nature of PSA screening for prostate cancer, weighing supporting and opposing arguments.

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  • It explores practical approaches for routine PSA testing and introduces advanced techniques designed to improve diagnostic accuracy.
  • The analysis includes an evaluation of new molecular PSA forms (isoforms) and their potential to refine prostate cancer detection and reduce unnecessary biopsies.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a balanced overview to aid clinicians in navigating the complexities of PSA screening in routine practice.
    • Highlights the importance of improving PSA test performance to minimize patient anxiety and healthcare costs associated with unnecessary procedures.
    • Offers insights into emerging biomarkers like PSA isoforms that could lead to more accurate and personalized prostate cancer diagnosis.