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Related Experiment Videos

Patent foramen ovale, systemic embolization and closure.

David R Holmes1, Howard Cohen, William E Katz

  • 1Mayo Medical School, USA.

Current Problems in Cardiology
|March 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure is increasingly recognized for treating paradoxical embolism and improving migraine symptoms. Percutaneous closure devices offer excellent outcomes, with ongoing trials comparing them to medical therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Patent foramen ovale (PFO) and atrial septal aneurysm are increasingly identified via echocardiography.
  • Their role in paradoxical embolism is complex, potentially being an innocent bystander or causative factor.
  • The association between PFO/atrial septal aneurysm and neurologic events is stronger in patients under 55.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and treatment of patent foramen ovale (PFO).
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous closure devices for PFO.
  • To explore emerging applications of PFO closure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on patent foramen ovale (PFO) and paradoxical embolism.
  • Analysis of data regarding percutaneous PFO closure devices.

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  • Discussion of ongoing randomized clinical trials comparing device closure with medical therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Percutaneous PFO closure devices are effective and safe, with excellent long-term outcomes.
    • Closure of PFO shows promise in improving symptoms for patients with disabling migraines.
    • Potential applications include deep-sea divers and high-altitude pilots.

    Conclusions:

    • Percutaneous closure is a viable option for PFO-related paradoxical embolism.
    • Further research is needed to define the role of device closure versus medical therapy.
    • PFO closure presents exciting new therapeutic avenues for various patient populations.