Threonine is the best substrate for D-lactate formation in octopus tentacle

Carbon sources for D-lactate and enzyme activities related to D-lactate formation were investigated using cell-free homogenates of Octopus vulgaris tentacle tissue. The results are as follows: a) The best precursor for D-lactate formation was threonine and second best precursors were glycine and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Threonine and glycine served as precursors only in presence of glutathione. b) Both amino acids were precursors for methylglyoxal from which D-lactate was synthesized. Alanine, cysteine and serine were not precursors. We present a metabolic map for D-lactate formation in octopus in order to explain these experimental results.