Investigative techniques, assessment of incontinence, and urodynamics

The past year's literature reflects a continued interest in studying and refining standard investigative techniques, both urodynamic and radiographic, that have long been used to evaluate patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction. In addition, new, simple, and inexpensive technologies that allow relatively accurate diagnosis and that minimize medical costs have been introduced. These continued efforts to understand the pathophysiology of the lower urinary tract better bring both the practicing physician and the urogynecologist closer to making correct diagnoses and appropriate therapeutic decisions.