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[Analysis of congenital defects contributing to perinatal mortality in the Czech Republic]
1Ustav pro péci o matku a dítĕ, Institut postgraduálního vzdĕlávání ve zdravotnictví, Katedra gynekologicko-porodnická, Praha.
Insights
Congenital defects significantly contribute to stillbirth and perinatal mortality in the Czech Republic, accounting for nearly 20% of perinatal deaths. This analysis highlights the critical role of congenital defect registries in understanding infant mortality trends.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal epidemiology
- Congenital defect surveillance
- Public health analysis
Context:
- The Czech Republic experienced a notable rate of stillbirth and neonatal mortality between 1994 and 2002.
- Congenital defects are a significant factor in infant mortality globally and require detailed epidemiological study.
Purpose:
- To analyze the proportion of specific congenital defects in stillbirths and neonatal/perinatal mortality rates in the Czech Republic from 1994-2002.
- To assess the contribution of congenital anomalies to infant mortality within a defined period and region.
Summary:
- A retrospective analysis of the National Registry of Congenital Defects in the Czech Republic (1994-2002) was conducted.
- Congenital defects were found in over 10% of stillbirths, 32.5% of early neonatal deaths, and nearly 20% of perinatal deaths.
- More than 45% of deceased infants with congenital defects had multiple anomalies; prenatal diagnosis was positive in only 25% of cases.
Impact:
- The findings underscore the substantial impact of congenital defects on perinatal mortality in the Czech Republic.
- This study provides crucial data for public health strategies aimed at reducing infant mortality and improving prenatal care.
- Understanding the prevalence of congenital defects in mortality statistics is vital for resource allocation and targeted interventions.
Objective:
Analysis of the proportion of selected types of congenital defects in stillbirth, frequent neonatal and perinatal death rate in the Czech Republic in the years 1994-2002.
Design:
A retrospective demographic-epidemiological analysis.
Setting:
Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.
Materials And Methods:
The study analyzed individual anonymous data from the Institute of Medical Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic in the period of 1994-2002 (preliminary data only for 2002) from the National Registry of Congental Defects. Fourteen types of defects were selected from the data set. The proportion of children with a certain selected congenital defect which died during the perinatal period were calculated in comparison with the total number of subjects diagnosed for this congential defect in the Czech Republic over the period of observation.
Results:
A total of 4,436 children died during the perinatal period in the Czech Republic over the period of 1994-2002, while 879 of them suffered from one or more congenital defects. The congenital defects represent more than 10% of stillbirth in this period, 32.5% of deceased individuals in early neonatal death rate and almost 20% in perinatal death rate. In 25% of these cases the prenatal diagnosis was positive, whereas prenatal diagnosis was negative or not indicated (a negative screening) in 48% of cases, and in 27% the data were not filled out. More than 45% of children deceased with a congenital defect in the perinatal period had two or more congenital defects.
Conclusions:
Analysis of these results from the registry of congenital defects in the Czech Republic contributed to the information on prenatal deaths in the period of 1994-2002. The proportion of congenital defects in perinatal death rate makes up almost 20%, but it also significantly participates in late newborn and post-newborn mortality and morbidity.
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