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The environment and the eye.

G J Johnson1

  • 1International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and International Eye Health, Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, UK. g.j.johnson@btopenworld.com

Eye (London, England)
|March 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Environmental factors significantly impact eye health, influencing blindness causes like cataract and trachoma. Addressing behavioral and cultural elements is crucial for eliminating global blindness.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The definition of 'environment' now encompasses population dynamics, domestic settings, cultural influences, and physical factors like global warming and ultraviolet radiation (UVR).
  • Cataract and trachoma are leading causes of global blindness, with their prevalence influenced by diverse environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted environmental influences on eye health and blindness.
  • To assess the impact of various environmental agents on the incidence and progression of cataract and trachoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on environmental factors and eye diseases.
  • Analysis of the relationship between specific environmental agents (e.g., UVR, global warming, cultural practices) and the prevalence of cataract and trachoma.

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Main Results:

  • Trachoma elimination is feasible through environmental and behavioral interventions.
  • While UVR-related cataract risks have decreased, global warming may accelerate cataract development.
  • Cultural and conceptual environments significantly hinder cataract surgery acceptance, impacting blindness rates.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental modifications and behavioral changes are key to eradicating trachoma.
  • Global warming presents a potential new risk factor for cataract.
  • Understanding and overcoming socio-cultural barriers is essential for eliminating cataract-related blindness.