Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2026

Evaluation of Microbial Safety of Dairies using Bacterial Proteomic Profiling via MALDI Approach
Published on: October 7, 2025
Molecular identification and differentiation of Staphylococcus species and strains of cheese origin
T S Hoppe-Seyler1, B Jaeger, W Bockelmann
1Federal Dairy Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Kiel, Germany.
Abstract:
Amplified Ribosomal-DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) was used to differentiate among 12 species and 4 subspecies of the genus Staphylococcus. With a universal primer pair a 2.4 kbp PCR-product was amplified, including the 16S rDNA, the 16S-23S rDNA interspacer region, and about 500 bp of the 23S rDNA. Species-specific restriction patterns were found using the restriction enzymes HindIII and XmnI separately. Cheese related staphylococci were clearly differentiated. ARDRA results were in good agreement with results of partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA. ARDRA could fully replace the biochemical identification with ID32 Staph (BioMerieux) which was less reliable when staphylococci of cheese origin were analysed. Genomic restriction digests of cheese-related S. equorum strains by SmaI and SacI gave unique strain-specific restriction patterns which can be used to identify starter staphylococci in a complex microbial environment such as the surface of Red-Smear cheeses.
Related Concept Videos
Methods of Classification and Identification
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
Differential Staining Technique
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy
Rapid Identification of Pathogens
Microbes in Food Production

