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Incubation temperature for ostrich (Struthio camelus) eggs
S M Hassan1, A A Siam, M E Mady
1Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2472, USA.
Poultry Science
|March 31, 2004
Summary
Lower incubation temperatures (36.5°C) improve ostrich hatchability and incubation periods. Higher temperatures (37.5°C) increase embryonic mortality, indicating optimal ostrich incubation differs from other birds.
Area of Science:
- Avian Biology
- Animal Science
- Reproductive Biology
Background:
- Ostrich farming is a significant agricultural industry.
- Optimal incubation conditions are crucial for ostrich reproductive success.
- Incubation temperature significantly influences avian embryonic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of different incubation temperatures on ostrich egg parameters.
- To determine the optimal incubation temperature for ostrich eggs.
- To compare ostrich incubation requirements with those of other bird species.
Main Methods:
- Studied 394 ostrich eggs from three Texas farms.
- Incubated eggs at three temperatures: 36.5°C, 37.0°C, and 37.5°C.
- Maintained relative humidity between 20-30% throughout incubation.
Main Results:
- Incubation at 36.5°C resulted in higher hatchability and longer incubation periods.
- The highest temperature (37.5°C) led to increased embryonic mortality (dead-in-shell and total dead embryos).
- Egg weight loss at 21 days was lower at 37.5°C compared to other temperatures.
Conclusions:
- The optimal incubation temperature for ostriches is lower than generally recommended for most bird species.
- 36.5°C appears to be the most effective incubation temperature for ostrich eggs.
- Incubation temperature management is critical for improving ostrich hatchability and reducing embryonic loss.