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Surface-directed, graft polymerization within microfluidic channels.

Shuwen Hu1, Xueqin Ren, Mark Bachman

  • 1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 1, 2004
PubMed
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Researchers developed a new UV-mediated graft polymerization method to coat enclosed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels. This technique enables stable, patterned surface modifications for advanced microfluidic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Coating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels typically requires disassembly, limiting applications to self-sealing coatings.
  • Existing methods struggle with uniform surface modification within enclosed microfluidic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple procedure for coating enclosed PDMS microchannels using UV-mediated graft polymerization.
  • To enable stable and patterned surface functionalization of microfluidic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Preadsorption of a photoinitiator (benzophenone) onto PDMS microchannel surfaces.
  • UV-mediated graft polymerization of various monomers (acrylic acid, PEGMA, PEGDMA) within enclosed microchannels.
  • Photopatterning using an opaque mask for spatially controlled surface modification.

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Main Results:

  • Stable, covalently attached surface coatings were formed in enclosed PDMS microchannels.
  • The modified surfaces exhibited stable electroosmotic mobility under various conditions (air exposure, hydration-dehydration cycles).
  • Successful electrophoretic separation of model analytes was demonstrated on the coated surfaces.
  • Photopatterning achieved a resolution of approximately 100 micrometers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method allows for efficient, in-situ coating of enclosed PDMS microchannels.
  • The technique provides stable surface properties and enables photopatterning for fabricating microfluidic devices with spatially defined surface functionalities.
  • This advancement expands the utility of PDMS microfluidics for complex applications requiring tailored surface chemistry.