Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2026

A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
Published on: November 6, 2018
The conversion challenge: from intrathecal to oral morphine
Robert K Sylvester1, Stephanie M Lindsay, Caroline Schauer
1MeritCare Hospital, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.
Abstract:
Numerous articles have described the methodologies used and outcomes achieved with the intrathecal (IT) administration of morphine for pain. However, only one case report has been published that describes converting a patient's IT morphine to an oral regimen. This case report describes the experience of converting a patient's IT morphine to oral morphine and discusses the scarcity of published data to validate suggested equianalgesic intraspinal morphine recommendations. The calculated equianalgesic oral to IT ratio in this case was 12:1. This is substantially lower than the 300:1 ratio published by Krames and the 90:1 ratio employed by a commercially available software program for calculating equianalgesic opioid doses. We recommend caution when applying existing guidelines for conversion of morphine from an IT to an oral regimen.
More Related Videos
05:24In Vivo SiRNA Transfection and Gene Knockdown in Spinal Cord via Rapid Noninvasive Lumbar Intrathecal Injections in Mice
Published on: March 22, 2014
07:23Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
Published on: July 29, 2014
Related Concept Videos
IV Infusion to Oral Dosing: Conversion Methods
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
Analgesia and Pain Management