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Related Experiment Videos

Leucodepletion for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.

C St Romaine1, G Hazlehurst, A P Jewell

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK.

British Journal of Biomedical Science
|April 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary

New prion diseases, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), pose risks. Variant CJD may transmit via blood products, prompting UK measures like leucodepletion and imported plasma.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare human TSE.
  • Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and variant CJD (vCJD) in humans emerged in the UK, causing significant concern due to their shared prion agent and potential for human transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of vCJD compared to CJD.
  • To assess the risk of vCJD transmission through blood and blood products.
  • To inform public health policies aimed at mitigating vCJD risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on TSEs, BSE, and vCJD.
  • Analysis of the behavior of vCJD in lymphoid tissues and B lymphocytes.

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  • Examination of UK government's public health interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • vCJD exhibits different characteristics compared to classical CJD.
    • Evidence suggests vCJD presence in lymphoid tissues and B lymphocytes.
    • This indicates a theoretical risk of vCJD transmission via blood transfusion.

    Conclusions:

    • The emergence of BSE and vCJD necessitates heightened public health vigilance.
    • vCJD's presence in blood components poses a potential transfusion risk.
    • UK implemented costly preventative measures, including leucodepletion and sourcing plasma internationally, though their efficacy in eliminating risk remains uncertain.