Update in endoscopic forehead rejuvenation

Endoscopic brow lifting has largely replaced coronal brow lifting (Fig. 12). The results are at least equivalent, if not better, with a greatly decreased incidence of scarring, alopecia, and numbness of the scalp. The technique has a steep learning curve. The equipment needed to perform the surgery is expensive,but the authors believe that a well-trained surgeon using the proper instruments can perform this surgery with minimal trauma and few complications. An update with the advanced techniques described herein is recommended to further decrease the rate of complications and undesirable sequelae.