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Published on: August 23, 2019
Gene silencing by the thyroid hormone receptor
Maren Eckey1, Udo Moehren, Aria Baniahmad
1Genetic Institute, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58-62, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Abstract:
The thyroid hormone receptors (TR) are able to bind DNA and to repress transcription in the absence of thyroid hormone. This repression function is an important feature of TRs as aberrant silencing can lead to severe diseases and developmental abnormalities. TR utilizes different mechanisms to achieve repression of target genes including the recruitment of cofactors called corepressors and interference with the basal transcriptional machinery. Recent studies have revealed an important role of chromatin in TR silencing involving different histone modifications and the responsible enzymes. Furthermore, the transcriptional properties of TR depend on the type of the TR DNA-binding elements. This review will focus on the molecular basis of gene silencing by TR and diseases caused by aberrant functioning.
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