TYSON: robust searching, sorting, and selecting of single particles in electron micrographs

We here present TYSON, a new program for automatic and semi-automatic particle selection from electron micrographs. TYSON employs a three-step strategy of searching, sorting and selecting single particles. In the first step, TYSON finds the positions of potential particles by one of three different methods: local averaging, template matching or local variance. The practical merits and drawbacks of these methods are discussed. In the second step, these potential particles are automatically sorted according to their probability of being true positives. Many criteria are provided for this sort. In the final -interactive- step, whole categories of poorly fitting false positives can be removed with a single mouse-click. We present results obtained using cryo-EM micrographs of both spherical virus particles and asymmetric particles. The procedures are fast and use of TYSON allowed, for example, some 20,000 particles to be selected in a single working day.