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Endpoints in vaccine trials
Michael G Hudgens1, Peter B Gilbert, Steven G Self
1Statistical Center For HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Program in Biostatistics, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. mhudgens@bios.unc.edu
Abstract:
In this paper we discuss statistical considerations regarding endpoints in preventive vaccine trials. Brief discussion is given to preclinical, Phase I, and Phase II trials, with the bulk of attention paid to endpoint choice and analysis in Phase III efficacy trials. In addition to traditional efficacy measures of vaccine effects for immunized individuals, consideration is given to waning, strain specific efficacy, correlates of protective immunity, postinfection endpoints, and cluster randomized trials.