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White matter lesions in the elderly
J S Meyer1, J Kawamura, Y Terayama
1Cerebrovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas 77030.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|July 1, 1992
Summary
Leuko-araiosis, or white matter lesions in older adults, are common and increase with age. These brain changes are linked to stroke risk and cognitive decline, potentially preceding dementia.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Neuroimaging reveals frequent, unsuspected white matter lesions in elderly individuals.
- Leuko-araiosis, a term for these abnormalities, is found in ~10% of normal adults over 65.
- Its prevalence and severity correlate with age, stroke risk factors, and dementia types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of leuko-araiosis pathogenesis.
- To examine neurological consequences associated with white matter lesions.
- To clarify the clinical relevance and etiology of leuko-araiosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on leuko-araiosis.
- Analysis of neuroimaging findings (CT, MRI).
- Correlation of leuko-araiosis with clinical data (age, stroke history, cognitive status).
Main Results:
- Leuko-araiosis is common in the elderly, increasing with age.
- Associated with stroke risk, lacunar strokes, and both vascular and Alzheimer's dementia.
- Likely heterogeneous etiology, predominantly ischemic.
Conclusions:
- White matter lesions in the elderly are associated with cognitive and motor impairments.
- These impairments may stem from cortico-subcortical disconnection.
- Leuko-araiosis may serve as a radiological risk factor or precursor for dementia.