Implementation of the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study in Brazil

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Public Health
• Anthropometry

Background:

• The World Health Organization (WHO) Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) selected Pelotas, Brazil, as its South American site.
• Site selection prioritized a large, community-based sample of children with growth unconstrained by socioeconomic factors.
• Previous local data indicated a 2.5% stunting rate in children from high-income families.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish South American reference data for child growth within the WHO MGRS framework.
• To address challenges including pilot site responsibilities and low breastfeeding rates.
• To investigate pediatrician perceptions of infant feeding recommendations in higher socioeconomic groups.

Main Methods:

• Longitudinal growth data collected from three major hospitals representing 90% of city deliveries.
• Cross-sectional data gathered from a community survey of households linked to the longitudinal sample.
• Community engagement strategies implemented to ensure study acceptance and completion.

Main Results:

• The study successfully established a growth reference sample in Pelotas, Brazil.
• Identified challenges included serving as a pilot site and low breastfeeding initiation rates.
• Noted pediatrician reluctance to apply current infant feeding guidelines to affluent populations.

Conclusions:

• Pelotas, Brazil, served as a vital South American site for the WHO MGRS.
• The study highlights the need for tailored public relations and community engagement for research.
• Addressing breastfeeding rates and healthcare provider education is essential for optimal child growth.