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Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
Published on: February 23, 2024
Orthodontics. Part 11: orthodontic tooth movement
1Orthodontic Department, Leeds Dental sInstitute, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9LU. robertsharry@btinternet.com
British Dental Journal
|April 9, 2004
Summary
Orthodontic tooth movement relies on bone remodeling, involving osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Pressure causes bone resorption, while tension leads to bone formation, a principle applicable to other bone regeneration procedures.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics and Dental Research
- Bone Biology and Remodeling
- Cellular Interactions in Skeletal Tissues
Background:
- Orthodontic tooth movement is fundamentally linked to bone remodeling processes.
- Understanding cell-cell interactions, particularly involving osteoprotegerin ligand, is crucial for elucidating these mechanisms.
- Histological evidence confirms distinct bone responses to pressure and tension within the periodontal ligament.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
- To explore the role of cell-cell interactions, specifically osteoprotegerin ligand, in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast activity.
- To discuss the implications of orthodontic bone remodeling principles for other regenerative applications.
Main Methods:
- Review of histological documentation of bone changes in response to orthodontic forces.
- Analysis of cell-cell interaction mechanisms involving osteoprotegerin ligand.
- Discussion of theoretical frameworks and clinical observations related to tooth movement and bone regeneration.
Main Results:
- Bone resorption occurs under pressure applied to the periodontal ligament.
- Bone formation is observed under tension applied to the periodontal ligament.
- Root resorption is a microscopic consequence of all orthodontic tooth movement, though often reparable.
Conclusions:
- The principles of bone resorption and formation driven by mechanical forces are central to orthodontic tooth movement.
- These principles may extend to limb lengthening and cranial-suture distraction procedures.
- Awareness of potential root resorption, influenced by initial root morphology and orthodontic procedures, is essential.
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