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Post-perovskite phase transition in MgSiO3.

Motohiko Murakami1, Kei Hirose, Katsuyuki Kawamura

  • 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan. mmurakam@geo.titech.ac.jp

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Magnesium silicate perovskite transforms into a new high-pressure phase near Earth's core-mantle boundary. This post-perovskite transition likely explains the D" seismic discontinuity and causes seismic anisotropy.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Mineral Physics
  • High-Pressure Science

Background:

  • The Earth's core-mantle boundary (CMB) region exhibits complex seismic structures, including the D" seismic discontinuity.
  • Understanding the mineral phases and their properties under CMB conditions is crucial for interpreting seismic data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the high-pressure and high-temperature behavior of magnesium silicate (MgSiO3) perovskite.
  • To identify potential phase transitions relevant to the D" seismic discontinuity.

Main Methods:

  • In situ X-ray diffraction measurements were conducted on MgSiO3 at pressures exceeding 125 GPa and temperatures of 2500 K.
  • Experimental conditions simulated those found at the Earth's core-mantle boundary.

Main Results:

  • MgSiO3 perovskite transforms into a novel high-pressure phase above 125 GPa and 2500 K.
  • This new phase exhibits a stacked SiO6-octahedral sheet structure and a density increase of 1.0–1.2%.
  • The transition occurs at depths near 2700 km, close to the base of the mantle.

Conclusions:

  • The observed post-perovskite phase transition in MgSiO3 is a plausible explanation for the origin of the D" seismic discontinuity.
  • The new phase's potential for large elastic anisotropy and preferred orientation in shear flow could generate strong seismic anisotropy below the D" layer.