Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

The force/force-variability relationship under controlled temporal conditions.

D E Sherwood1, R A Schmidt, C B Walter

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA.

Journal of Motor Behavior
|June 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Willingness of Patients with Breast Cancer in the Adjuvant and Metastatic Setting to Use Electronic Surveys (ePRO) Depends on Sociodemographic Factors, Health-related Quality of Life, Disease Status and Computer Skills.

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde·2016
Same author

Disseminated tumor cells from the bone marrow of patients with nonmetastatic primary breast cancer are predictive of locoregional relapse.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2015
Same author

Clinical characteristics, pathological reevaluation, surgical management and adjuvant therapy of patients with endometrial stromal tumors.

Archives of gynecology and obstetrics·2014
Same author

A note on delay of knowledge of results in positioning responses.

Journal of motor behavior·2013
Same author

Further tests of adams' closed-loop theory.

Journal of motor behavior·2013
Same author

The case against learning and forgetting scores.

Journal of motor behavior·2013
Same journal

Preferential Cup Size and End-State Comfort in Children.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Expertise Modulates Anticipatory Synergy Adjustments in a Rapid Motor Skill Under Temporal Constraints.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

A Boundary of Ideomotor Control: Semantic Labels Bias Selection but Do Not Tune Motor Execution.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Strategies When Choosing Between Movement Options in a Sequential Task.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Neurofunctional Motor Training in Autistic Children: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Individualized Virtual Angle Offset Training for Patients with Stroke.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
See all related articles

This study found that controlling the timing of movements, not just force, influences force variability. Maintaining consistent movement times reveals a curvilinear relationship between force and its variability.

Area of Science:

  • Motor control
  • Human movement science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • An inverted U relationship between force and force variability has been previously observed in static and dynamic tasks.
  • Recent hypotheses suggest this relationship may stem from inadequate control over the temporal characteristics of motor responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that temporal control influences the force-force variability relationship.
  • To examine the relationship between force output and force variability during rapid movements under precisely controlled temporal conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Four subjects performed rapid reversal movements using elbow flexion and extension with a horizontal lever.
  • Movement temporal parameters, including time to reversal (160 ms) and distance to reversal (45 degrees), were held constant.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Six different load conditions were applied to the lever (0 to 1.560 kg).

    • Main Results:

    • A curvilinear relationship between force and force variability was observed when the time to reversal and time to peak acceleration were maintained constant.
    • This finding suggests that the inverted U-shaped curve is contingent upon the temporal control of the movement.

    Conclusions:

    • The inverted U relationship between force and force variability is likely linked to the control of temporal aspects of motor responses.
    • Precise control over movement timing is crucial for understanding the dynamics of force production and variability.