Robot-assisted versus standard videoscopic aortic replacement. A comparative study in pigs.

Area of Science:

• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Vascular Surgery
• Robotic Surgery

Background:

• Laparotomy is standard for infrarenal aortic aneurysm repair, but videoscopic approaches face technical challenges.
• Robotic systems may enhance dexterity and visualization for videoscopic surgery.
• This study evaluated robot-assisted videoscopic aortic replacement versus standard videoscopic techniques in an animal model.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted videoscopic aortic replacement.
• To assess the feasibility of robotic systems in complex vascular procedures.
• To evaluate operative outcomes and graft patency in an animal model.

Main Methods:

• 10 female pigs underwent robot-assisted infrarenal aorta replacement using the da Vinci system (robot group).
• 10 pigs underwent standard videoscopic aortic replacement (control group).
• Procedure times, blood loss, complications, and anastomotic quality were assessed.

Main Results:

• Robot group demonstrated significantly shorter procedure, suturing, and clamping times with less blood loss.
• Control group experienced inferior vena cava injury (1) and hemostasis issues (2).
• Robot group showed adequate anastomoses; control group had suture errors and wider stitch distances.

Conclusions:

• Robot-assisted videoscopic aortic replacement is superior to standard videoscopic techniques in this animal model.
• Robotic assistance improves safety and efficacy in complex vascular reconstructions.
• This approach holds promise for minimally invasive aortic aneurysm repair.